超越表面：放射检测的力量

放射照相过程

 Industrial radiography was widely practiced in arms production during World War II and has since been adopted into many other manufacturing and service sectors. The testing process works in much the same manner as a medical X-ray. Radiation from an X-ray machine or radioisotope passes through the product, and the varying densities within the material cause the radiation to be absorbed or transmitted differently. These transmitted variations are recorded as a grayscale image in which areas of contrasting density, 如空洞或类似的不连续性, appear darker or lighter on the image compared to the surrounding material. This allows technicians to locate and measure internal defects that could adversely affect the product’s reliability.

Radiography is particularly useful for inspecting metals, composites, and other solid materials. Major manufacturers and industrial regulations require some products to comply with maximum defect levels identified in radiographs before even being put into service. Many items and services you interact with on a daily basis have been inspected by RT technicians at some point in their life cycle. 将天然气输送到你家附近的管道, 你乘坐的飞机的涡轮叶片, 电子产品中的电路板, 汽车的发动机部件都是最好的例子.

射线照相检测的变量

There are many variables to an accurate radiographic inspection. Since the energy utilized is a form of electromagnetic radiation similar to visible light, geometric principles apply to radiographs in much the same way as casting a shadow on a wall with your hand and a flashlight. The larger the flashlight and the closer your hand to the light, 阴影的边缘越模糊. The distances, sizes, and angles involved can distort the image relative to the object. Different grades of film and detectors offer trade-offs between speed and image quality. A tiny indicator of similar material known as an Image Quality Indicator (IQI) is included in the inspection serving as proof that the technique is sufficiently sensitive to detect small details. Various calculations are used to determine the appropriate radiation exposure energy and intensity. All these factors require that RT technicians are well-versed in their craft and associated industrial standards.

While conventional film radiography has been a mainstay of NDT for nearly a century, modernized methods provide improved capability as well as time and cost savings. CR (Computed Radiography) replaces film with reusable plates that are scanned into a computer allowing for digital manipulation of images over a greater range of material thicknesses. DR (Digital Radiography) makes use of panels that generate a digital image allowing for real-time or greatly reduced turn-around times that can be scaled with automated assembly lines. CT (Computed Tomography) combines digital radiographs from many different angles to form a fully 3D image which can be integrated with engineering software.

放射照相的利弊

Radiography provides an intuitive visual record of the internal structure of an object rather than just a printout of test results. 这个记录可以被分析, 存储, and referenced for future inspections or quality control purposes. Radiography is capable of inspecting complex geometries and unusual materials that may be challenging or impossible for other NDT methods. 在许多情况下，不需要表面处理, 并且该组件可以在现有状态下进行现场检查.

不利方面, radiography involves the use of ionizing radiation which requires special safety considerations, 许可证, 和设备. It is also inferior to some ultrasonic and magnetic testing methods when it comes to detecting fine laminar imperfections that are more common in rolled, 伪造的, 或挤压金属制品.

“凭借放射学的洞察力, 制造商可以及早发现并解决问题, preventing potentially catastrophic consequences down the line.”

寻找适合放射检测需求的实验室

Choosing the right lab for radiographic testing is crucial for ensuring the integrity of projects while also adhering to production schedules. 具有im体育平台app下载认可认证的实验室，如NADCAP, ISO 9712, and ISO 17025 must conform to outside auditing to ensure the integrity of their NDT programs. 不同的实验室将拥有不同im体育平台app下载的专业知识. Technicians experienced in oil and 气体 welding may have little to no experience in 航空航天 castings. 实验室的住宿也会因现场检查而有所不同, 吞吐量, and limits to the size or thickness of objects that can be accurately inspected.

im体育APP优势

im体育APP boasts a network of over 200 labs worldwide providing unprecedented support in materials testing. im体育APP Houston’s location in the center of the energy and space exploration industries gives it unique exposure to a wide variety of radiographic needs resulting in decades of combined experience inspecting everything from pipe fabrication to 航空航天 components. Our facility features multiple shielded inspection bays offering both X-ray and gamma-ray sources with conventional film or computed radiography.